How to Control Windows 10 Services From Command Line
Windows services are special programs that run in the background. They don't offer any user interfaces for us to interact with. Windows services can be compared to daemons in Unix Operating Systems. Services can start-up and do what they have to even without having any user signed in. Depending on the service, they may start automatically at boot or start when certain conditions are met.
Windows offer us more than one way to manage services. It can be done though the Windows Task Manager, services.msc and from the command line. If you wish to start, stop and restart services from a GUI, click here. This guide covers the basics of how you can do it though the command line.
Ingredients Required:
- Command Prompt with admin rights.
Note: To launch a Command Prompt window with admin rights, search for "cmd" in Windows 10 start menu. When you see "Command Prompt" as a result, right-click it and choose "Run as Administrator"
THE COMMANDS
There are two commands at our disposal for controlling services in Windows 10, they are net and sc. Yes, they do differ in what they are capable of doing.
Here are a few things to know about them both;
netis older thenscnetcan only start, stop, pause and continue servicessccan create services, delete services, change their configurations, query state, and moresccan be used over the network
GETTING A LIST OF SERVICES
To get a list of all the running services and their information, run the following command;
sc query
To get a list of everything,
sc query state= all
Note: The space after the = sign is deliberate and required.
Like other commands that output data onto the screen, you can redirect it to a .txt file if you want to look through it carefully at a later time.
sc query > running_services.txt
An example of one of the services in the list that the sc query command creates;
SERVICE_NAME: wuauserv
DISPLAY_NAME: Windows Update
TYPE : 30 WIN32
STATE : 4 RUNNING
(STOPPABLE, NOT_PAUSABLE, ACCEPTS_PRESHUTDOWN)
WIN32_EXIT_CODE : 0 (0x0)
SERVICE_EXIT_CODE : 0 (0x0)
CHECKPOINT : 0x0
WAIT_HINT : 0x0
Note: One major difference to know about sc and net commands is that the SERVICE_NAME is what we will use to control that specific service with sc. While if you are using the net command, you can either use the SERVICE_NAME or the DISPLAY_NAME.
TO STOP A SERVICE
Using sc to stop the "Windows Update" service,
sc stop wuauserv
Using net to stop the "Windows Update" service, with its SERVICE_NAME.
net stop wuauserv
Using net to stop the "Windows Update" service, with its DISPLAY_NAME.
net stop "Windows Update"
TO START A SERVICE
If you know how to stop it, you could easily work out how the start command would look like.
sc start wuauserv
net start wuauserv
net start "Windows Update"
OTHER THINGS
As mentioned above, the net command can only start, stop, pause and continue services. And for most of our common use case scenarios, these actions are enough.
Some of the extra features that sc brings to the table;
To display information about a specific service,
sc query wuauserv
To modify a service entry in the registry and Service Database,
sc config wuauserv
To specifies an action to take upon failure of the service,
sc failure wuauserv
To displays the configuration of a particular service,
sc qc wuauserv
EXTRA NOTE
If you are going to use sc or net in your scripts, an example in .bat files. Do note that the sc command behaves asynchronously while the net command behaves synchronously. Which means, sc won't wait for the service to come to a start or stop like net does. So, depending on the logic of your script and your needs, choose the appropriate one.
